# BRONZE SPRING: threat group profile

> BRONZE SPRING is a threat group thought to operate from China. Public reporting about it is still limited. This free profile brings together what is known about it, so you can judge the risk to you. It lists the other names the group goes by and links to every public report behind it.

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## At a glance

| Fact | Value |
|---|---|
| Attack techniques | 0 |
| Countries and victims named | 11 |
| Thought to operate from | China |
| Other names | 1 |
| Public reports | 5 |

## Who is BRONZE SPRING?

BRONZE SPRING is a threat group thought to operate from China. Public reporting about it is still limited.

### Also known as

UNC302

Security companies each give the same group their own name, so one group can have many.

### What public reporting says

> BRONZE SPRING is a threat group that CTU researchers assess with high confidence operates on behalf of China in the theft of intellectual property from defense, engineering, pharmaceutical and technology companies. The threat group typically uses scan-and-exploit for initial access, deploys the China Chopper webshell for remote execution and persistence, and creates RAR archives with a '.jpg' file extension for data exfiltration.  In July 2020 the U.S. Department of Justice indicted two Chinese hackers CTU researchers assess are members of the BRONZE SPRING threat group. The Department of Justice allege these hackers were responsible for compromising networks of hundreds of organisations and individuals in the U.S. and abroad since 2009, and that exfiltrated data would be passed to the Chinese Ministry of State Security or sold for financial gain.

## Who does BRONZE SPRING go after?

**Sectors:** Information technology, Medical, Civil engineering, Business, Education, Gaming, Energy, Pharmaceuticals, Defense industrial base

**Countries and victims named:** United States, Australia, Belgium, Germany, Japan, Lithuania, Netherlands, Spain, South Korea, Sweden, United Kingdom

See threats by industry: https://www.precursorintelligence.com/industries

## Public reports about BRONZE SPRING

- https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/two-chinese-hackers-working-ministry-state-security-charged-global-computer-intrusion
- https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1295981/download
- https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1295986/download
- https://intrusiontruth.wordpress.com/2021/05/06/an-apt-with-no-name
- https://twitter.com/MrDanPerez/status/1390285821786394624

## Frequently asked questions

### Who is BRONZE SPRING?

BRONZE SPRING is a threat group thought to operate from China. Public reporting about it is still limited.

### Where is BRONZE SPRING thought to be based?

Public reporting places BRONZE SPRING as operating from China. Attribution is never certain: it rests on the tools, infrastructure and targets researchers have seen.

### Who does BRONZE SPRING target?

In public reporting, sectors named include information technology, medical, civil engineering, business and education, and 11 countries and victims are named, including United States, Australia, Belgium and Germany.

### How do I know if BRONZE SPRING is a risk to my business?

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