# What is CVE-2018-11784?

> CVE-2018-11784 is a medium-severity flaw (CVSS 4.3) in Tomcat from Apache, published on 4 October 2018. It is not on the list of flaws known to be exploited today. The latest forecast puts its chance of use in the next 30 days at 98%. If you run an affected version, plan in the vendor’s fix.

Canonical page: https://www.precursorintelligence.com/what-is/cve-2018-11784

## At a glance

- **Verdict:** Fix this soon. Not confirmed as exploited yet, but serious or likely enough that it should not wait for a quiet month.
- **Precursor Intelligence risk score:** 59 out of 100 (Medium); action: Plan remediation. Kept up to date as the evidence changes.
- **Severity:** Medium (CVSS 4.3 out of 10)
- **Known to be exploited:** No, not on the list of flaws known to be exploited today
- **Chance of use in the next 30 days:** 98% (latest exploit-likelihood forecast)
- **Published:** 4 October 2018
- **Record last updated:** 8 December 2023
- **Main product:** Tomcat from Apache
- **Affected products:** 15

## What is CVE-2018-11784? In plain terms

It can be attacked from anywhere on the internet without logging in, but a person has to take an action first. If it works, the attacker can change some data.

### The official description

When the default servlet in Apache Tomcat versions 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.11, 8.5.0 to 8.5.33 and 7.0.23 to 7.0.90 returned a redirect to a directory (e.g. redirecting to '/foo/' when the user requested '/foo') a specially crafted URL could be used to cause the redirect to be generated to any URI of the attackers choice.

### What kind of flaw is it?

- CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')

### How an attack on it works

- Where an attacker can be: Anywhere on the internet
- How hard it is to pull off: Easy: no special conditions
- Login needed first: No login needed
- Does someone have to click: Yes, a person has to take an action
- What an attacker gets: Can change some data

Severity vector: `CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N`

## Is CVE-2018-11784 being exploited? Not that we know of

It is not on the list of flaws known to be exploited today. The latest forecast puts the chance of it being used in the next 30 days at 98%. That can change at any time, which is why we keep watching.

Exploit likelihood over the last 7 days: 98%, 98%, 98%, 98%, 98%, 98%, 98%.

### Timeline

- 4 October 2018: Published
- 8 December 2023: Record last updated
- 16 June 2026: Exploit likelihood jumped

### How Precursor Intelligence ranks it

CVE-2018-11784 scores **59 out of 100 (Medium)**, with the action "Plan remediation".

Every published flaw gets a risk score from 0 to 100, kept up to date as the evidence changes. Four things go into the score, from the one that counts most to the ones that count less:

- Evidence it is being exploited: biggest factor
- How severe it is: strong factor
- How widely exposed it is: smaller factor
- Threat activity around it: smaller factor

85 and above is Critical. Anything confirmed as exploited is always marked for an emergency patch, whatever its score. When this flaw matches software you track, it lands in your list with its score and the reasons behind it.

## Who is affected by CVE-2018-11784?

The published record lists 15 products.

- [Tomcat](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/product/apache/tomcat) by [Apache](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/vendors/apache) (Application): 7.0.23 to 7.0.90, 8.5.0 to 8.5.33, 9.0.0, 9.0.0-milestone1, 9.0.0-milestone2, 9.0.0-milestone3, 9.0.0-milestone4, 9.0.0-milestone5, 9.0.0-milestone6, 9.0.0-milestone7, 9.0.0-milestone8, 9.0.0-milestone9, 9.0.0-milestone10, 9.0.0-milestone11, 9.0.0-milestone12, 9.0.0-milestone13, 9.0.0-milestone14, 9.0.0-milestone15, 9.0.0-milestone16, 9.0.0-milestone17, 9.0.0-milestone18, 9.0.0-milestone19, 9.0.0-milestone20, 9.0.0-milestone21, 9.0.0-milestone22, 9.0.0-milestone23, 9.0.0-milestone24, 9.0.0-milestone25, 9.0.0-milestone26, 9.0.0-milestone27, 9.0.1 to 9.0.11
- [Instantis Enterprisetrack](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/product/oracle/instantis_enterprisetrack) by [Oracle](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/vendors/oracle) (Application): 17.1, 17.2, 17.3
- [Retail Order Broker](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/product/oracle/retail_order_broker) by [Oracle](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/vendors/oracle) (Application): 5.1, 5.2, 15.0
- [Communications Application Session Controller](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/product/oracle/communications_application_session_controller) by [Oracle](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/vendors/oracle) (Application): 3.7.1, 3.8.0
- [Enterprise Linux Server](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/product/redhat/enterprise_linux_server) by [Red Hat](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/vendors/redhat) (Operating system): 7.0, 7.6
- [Hospitality Guest Access](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/product/oracle/hospitality_guest_access) by [Oracle](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/vendors/oracle) (Application): 4.2.0, 4.2.1
- [Ubuntu Linux](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/product/canonical/ubuntu_linux) by [Canonical](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/vendors/canonical) (Operating system): 14.04, 16.04
- [Debian Linux](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/product/debian/debian_linux) by [Debian](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/vendors/debian) (Operating system): 8.0
- [Enterprise Linux Desktop](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/product/redhat/enterprise_linux_desktop) by [Red Hat](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/vendors/redhat) (Operating system): 7.0
- [Enterprise Linux Server Aus](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/product/redhat/enterprise_linux_server_aus) by [Red Hat](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/vendors/redhat) (Operating system): 7.6
- [Enterprise Linux Server Eus](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/product/redhat/enterprise_linux_server_eus) by [Red Hat](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/vendors/redhat) (Operating system): 7.6
- [Enterprise Linux Server Tus](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/product/redhat/enterprise_linux_server_tus) by [Red Hat](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/vendors/redhat) (Operating system): 7.6
- [Enterprise Linux Workstation](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/product/redhat/enterprise_linux_workstation) by [Red Hat](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/vendors/redhat) (Operating system): 7.0
- [Secure Global Desktop](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/product/oracle/secure_global_desktop) by [Oracle](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/vendors/oracle) (Application): 5.4
- [Snap Creator Framework](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/product/netapp/snap_creator_framework) by [Netapp](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/vendors/netapp) (Application): version not specified

## How do I fix CVE-2018-11784?

1. **Check whether you run it.** Compare your versions with the affected products above. Not sure what you run? Precursor Intelligence can work it out from your public website, or you can pick it from a list.
2. **Apply the vendor’s fix.** Install the update named in the vendor’s advisory. We’ve put the advisories and patch notes first in the list.
3. **If you can’t patch today.** Follow any mitigation the vendor publishes, and limit who can reach the affected system from the internet until the update is in.
4. **Keep an eye on it.** Track the product and we tell you as soon as we spot this flaw on the list of exploited flaws, or a jump in its exploit likelihood.

### References

- [oracle.com](https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuapr2019-5072813.html) (Patch, Third-party advisory)
- [oracle.com](https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2019-5072801.html) (Patch, Third-party advisory)
- [lists.opensuse.org](http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-06/msg00030.html)
- [lists.opensuse.org](http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-07/msg00056.html)
- [packetstormsecurity.com](http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/163456/Apache-Tomcat-9.0.0M1-Open-Redirect.html)
- [securityfocus.com](http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105524) (Third-party advisory, Vulnerability database)
- [access.redhat.com](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:0130) (Third-party advisory)
- [access.redhat.com](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:0131) (Third-party advisory)
- [access.redhat.com](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:0485) (Third-party advisory)
- [access.redhat.com](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1529)
- [kc.mcafee.com](https://kc.mcafee.com/corporate/index?page=content&id=SB10284)
- [lists.apache.org](https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/1dd0a59c1295cc08ce4c9e7edae5ad2268acc9ba55adcefa0532e5ba%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E)
- [lists.apache.org](https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/23134c9b5a23892a205dc140cdd8c9c0add233600f76b313dda6bd75%40%3Cannounce.tomcat.apache.org%3E)
- [lists.apache.org](https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/343558d982879bf88ec20dbf707f8c11255f8e219e81d45c4f8d0551%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E)
- [lists.apache.org](https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/388a323769f1dff84c9ec905455aa73fbcb20338e3c7eb131457f708%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E)
- [lists.apache.org](https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/3d19773b4cf0377db62d1e9328bf9160bf1819f04f988315086931d7%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E)
- [lists.apache.org](https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/5c0e00fd31efc11e147bf99d0f03c00a734447d3b131ab0818644cdb%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E)
- [lists.apache.org](https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/6af47120905aa7d8fe12f42e8ff2284fb338ba141d3b77b8c7cb61b3%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E)
- [lists.apache.org](https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/845312a10aabbe2c499fca94003881d2c79fc993d85f34c1f5c77424%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E)
- [lists.apache.org](https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/88855876c33f2f9c532ffb75bfee570ccf0b17ffa77493745af9a17a%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E)
- [lists.apache.org](https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/b5e3f51d28cd5d9b1809f56594f2cf63dcd6a90429e16ea9f83bbedc%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E)
- [lists.apache.org](https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/e85e83e9954f169bbb77b44baae5a33d8de878df557bb32b7f793661%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E)
- [lists.apache.org](https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/eb6efa8d59c45a7a9eff94c4b925467d3b3fec8ba7697f3daa314b04%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E)
- [lists.apache.org](https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r3bbb800a816d0a51eccc5a228c58736960a9fffafa581a225834d97d%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E)
- [lists.apache.org](https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r48c1444845fe15a823e1374674bfc297d5008a5453788099ea14caf0%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E)
- [lists.apache.org](https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r6ccee4e849bc77df0840c7f853f6bd09d426f6741247da2b7429d5d9%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E)
- [lists.apache.org](https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r9136ff5b13e4f1941360b5a309efee2c114a14855578c3a2cbe5d19c%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E)
- [lists.apache.org](https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/raba0fabaf4d56d4325ab2aca8814f0b30a237ab83d8106b115ee279a%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E)
- [lists.debian.org](https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/10/msg00005.html) (Third-party advisory)
- [lists.debian.org](https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/10/msg00006.html) (Third-party advisory)
- [lists.fedoraproject.org](https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BZ4PX4B3QTKRM35VJAVIEOPZAF76RPBP/)
- [seclists.org](https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Dec/43)
- [security.netapp.com](https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20181014-0002/) (Third-party advisory)
- [usn.ubuntu.com](https://usn.ubuntu.com/3787-1/) (Third-party advisory)
- [debian.org](https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4596)
- [oracle.com](https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2020.html)
- [oracle.com](https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2020.html)
- [oracle.com](https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2019-5072835.html)
- [oracle.com](https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2019-5072832.html)

## Questions

### What is CVE-2018-11784?

CVE-2018-11784 is a medium-severity flaw in Tomcat from Apache, published on 4 October 2018. It can be attacked from anywhere on the internet without logging in, but a person has to take an action first. If it works, the attacker can change some data.

### How serious is CVE-2018-11784?

It scores 4.3 out of 10 on the CVSS severity scale, which is medium. Our risk score for CVE-2018-11784 is 59 out of 100, which is Medium. Its action is "Plan remediation". Not confirmed as exploited yet, but serious or likely enough that it should not wait for a quiet month.

### Is CVE-2018-11784 being exploited?

It is not on the list of flaws known to be exploited today. The latest forecast puts the chance of it being used in the next 30 days at 98%. That can change at any time, which is why we keep watching.

### Which versions does CVE-2018-11784 affect?

For Tomcat from Apache: 7.0.23 to 7.0.90, 8.5.0 to 8.5.33, 9.0.0, 9.0.0-milestone1, 9.0.0-milestone2, 9.0.0-milestone3 and 25 more. The record lists 15 products in all, each with its versions, under "Who is affected" on this page.

### How do I fix CVE-2018-11784?

Install the update the vendor names in its advisory, linked first under "How do I fix" on this page. If you can't patch today, follow the vendor's mitigation and limit who can reach the affected system from the internet.

## Does CVE-2018-11784 affect you?

Precursor Intelligence keeps checking for you:

- **Tell us what you run.** Pick your software from a list, or let us work it out from your website.
- **We match it to every flaw.** Over 400,000 published flaws, checked against your list.
- **Ranked by real-world risk.** Every flaw gets a 0 to 100 risk score, kept up to date, led by evidence criminals are using it.
- **Told as soon as we know.** An alert by email, in the app or by webhook to your own tools.

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