[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$fFpzWQ2RqUOk--q6VSOP33MY53hdwwfiLEK5NPOWQbaA":3,"g5a-risk:CVE-2025-31161":162},{"success":4,"data":5,"meta":159},true,{"cveId":6,"title":7,"description":8,"shortDescription":9,"publishedDate":10,"lastModified":11,"cvssScore":12,"cvssVector":13,"cvssMetrics":14,"epssScore":36,"epssPercentile":27,"epssTimeSeries":37,"severity":38,"affectedProducts":39,"affectedProductsCount":44,"references":45,"referencesCount":91,"weaknesses":92,"weaknessesCount":44,"isActivelyExploited":4,"cisaInfo":101,"otxData":27,"relatedBlogPosts":102,"seoMetadata":103,"configurations":128,"relatedVendorCves":143,"notableEvents":144},"CVE-2025-31161","What is CVE-2025-31161?","CrushFTP 10 before 10.8.4 and 11 before 11.3.1 allows authentication bypass and takeover of the crushadmin account (unless a DMZ proxy instance is used), as exploited in the wild in March and April 2025, aka \"Unauthenticated HTTP(S) port access.\" A race condition exists in the AWS4-HMAC (compatible with S3) authorization method of the HTTP component of the FTP server. The server first verifies the existence of the user by performing a call to login_user_pass() with no password requirement. This will authenticate the session through the HMAC verification process and up until the server checks for user verification once more. The vulnerability can be further stabilized, eliminating the need for successfully triggering a race condition, by sending a mangled AWS4-HMAC header. By providing only the username and a following slash (\u002F), the server will successfully find a username, which triggers the successful anypass authentication process, but the server will fail to find the expected SignedHeaders entry, resulting in an index-out-of-bounds error that stops the code from reaching the session cleanup. Together, these issues make it trivial to authenticate as any known or guessable user (e.g., crushadmin), and can lead to a full compromise of the system by obtaining an administrative account.","CrushFTP 10 before 10.8.4 and 11 before 11.3.1 allows authentication bypass and takeover of the crushadmin account (unless a DMZ proxy instance is used), as ...","2025-04-03T20:15:25.373","2025-10-31T22:04:34.23",9.8,"CVSS:3.1\u002FAV:N\u002FAC:L\u002FPR:N\u002FUI:N\u002FS:U\u002FC:H\u002FI:H\u002FA:H",{"CVSSMetricV31":15,"CVSSMetricV30":34,"CVSSMetricV2":35,"CVSSMetricV40":27},[16,30],{"Source":17,"Type":18,"CVSSData":19,"ExploitabilityScore":28,"ImpactScore":29},"cve@mitre.org","Secondary",{"Version":20,"VectorString":13,"AttackVector":21,"AttackComplexity":22,"PrivilegesRequired":23,"UserInteraction":23,"Scope":24,"ConfidentialityImpact":25,"IntegrityImpact":25,"AvailabilityImpact":25,"BaseScore":12,"BaseSeverity":26,"ExploitCodeMaturity":27,"RemediationLevel":27,"ReportConfidence":27,"TemporalScore":27,"TemporalSeverity":27,"ConfidentialityRequirement":27,"IntegrityRequirement":27,"AvailabilityRequirement":27,"ModifiedAttackVector":27,"ModifiedAttackComplexity":27,"ModifiedPrivilegesRequired":27,"ModifiedUserInteraction":27,"ModifiedScope":27,"ModifiedConfidentialityImpact":27,"ModifiedIntegrityImpact":27,"ModifiedAvailabilityImpact":27,"EnvironmentalScore":27,"EnvironmentalSeverity":27},"3.1","NETWORK","LOW","NONE","UNCHANGED","HIGH","CRITICAL",null,3.9,5.9,{"Source":31,"Type":32,"CVSSData":33,"ExploitabilityScore":28,"ImpactScore":29},"nvd@nist.gov","Primary",{"Version":20,"VectorString":13,"AttackVector":21,"AttackComplexity":22,"PrivilegesRequired":23,"UserInteraction":23,"Scope":24,"ConfidentialityImpact":25,"IntegrityImpact":25,"AvailabilityImpact":25,"BaseScore":12,"BaseSeverity":26,"ExploitCodeMaturity":27,"RemediationLevel":27,"ReportConfidence":27,"TemporalScore":27,"TemporalSeverity":27,"ConfidentialityRequirement":27,"IntegrityRequirement":27,"AvailabilityRequirement":27,"ModifiedAttackVector":27,"ModifiedAttackComplexity":27,"ModifiedPrivilegesRequired":27,"ModifiedUserInteraction":27,"ModifiedScope":27,"ModifiedConfidentialityImpact":27,"ModifiedIntegrityImpact":27,"ModifiedAvailabilityImpact":27,"EnvironmentalScore":27,"EnvironmentalSeverity":27},[],[],0.99966,[36,36,36,36,36,36,36],"Critical",[40],{"vendor":41,"product":41,"version":42,"criteria":43,"vulnerable":4},"crushftp","*","cpe:2.3:a:crushftp:crushftp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",1,[46,51,56,61,65,70,74,78,82,86],{"url":47,"source":48,"tags":49},"https:\u002F\u002Fcrushftp.com\u002Fcrush11wiki\u002FWiki.jsp?page=Update#section-Update-VulnerabilityInfo","Crushftp",[50],"Vendor Advisory",{"url":52,"source":53,"tags":54},"https:\u002F\u002Foutpost24.com\u002Fblog\u002Fcrushftp-auth-bypass-vulnerability\u002F","Outpost24",[55],"Third Party Advisory",{"url":57,"source":58,"tags":59},"https:\u002F\u002Fattackerkb.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fk0EgiL9Psz\u002Fcve-2025-2825\u002Frapid7-analysis","Attackerkb",[60,55],"Exploit",{"url":62,"source":63,"tags":64},"https:\u002F\u002Fprojectdiscovery.io\u002Fblog\u002Fcrushftp-authentication-bypass","Projectdiscovery",[60,55],{"url":66,"source":67,"tags":68},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.darkreading.com\u002Fvulnerabilities-threats\u002Fdisclosure-drama-clouds-crushftp-vulnerability-exploitation","Darkreading",[69],"Press\u002FMedia Coverage",{"url":71,"source":72,"tags":73},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.huntress.com\u002Fblog\u002Fcrushftp-cve-2025-31161-auth-bypass-and-post-exploitation","Huntress",[60,55],{"url":75,"source":76,"tags":77},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.infosecurity-magazine.com\u002Fnews\u002Fcrushftp-flaw-exploited-disclosure\u002F","Infosecurity-magazine",[69],{"url":79,"source":80,"tags":81},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.vicarius.io\u002Fvsociety\u002Fposts\u002Fcve-2025-31161-detect-crushftp-vulnerability","Vicarius",[60,55],{"url":83,"source":80,"tags":84},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.vicarius.io\u002Fvsociety\u002Fposts\u002Fcve-2025-31161-mitigate-crushftp-vulnerability",[85,55],"Mitigation",{"url":87,"source":88,"tags":89},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cisa.gov\u002Fknown-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-31161","CISA",[90],"US Government Resource",10,[93],{"id":94,"name":95,"description":96,"extendedDescription":97,"status":98,"abstraction":99,"structure":100},"CWE-305","Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness","The authentication algorithm is sound, but the implemented mechanism can be bypassed as the result of a separate weakness that is primary to the authentication error.","","Draft","Base","Simple",{"shortDescription":97,"requiredAction":97,"vulnerabilityName":97,"dateAdded":27},[],{"title":104,"metaDescription":105,"keywords":106,"canonicalUrl":107,"structuredData":108},"What is CVE-2025-31161? Vulnerability Analysis | Security Advisory | Precursor Intelligence","Comprehensive analysis of CVE-2025-31161, a critical severity cyber security vulnerability from 2025. High exploit probability (100.0%). CrushFTP 10 before 1...","CVE-2025-31161, CVE-2025-31161 vulnerability, CVE-2025-31161 security, critical severity vulnerability, cybersecurity, vulnerability analysis, security advisory, CVE database, threat intelligence, security research, vulnerability assessment, cyber threats, 2025, CVSS score, exploit, patch, remediation, crushftp security, crushftp vulnerability, high risk vulnerability, actively exploited, exploit available","\u002Fwhat-is\u002Fcve-2025-31161",{"@context":109,"@type":110,"headline":104,"description":105,"datePublished":10,"dateModified":11,"author":111,"publisher":115,"about":119,"mainEntityOfPage":123,"articleSection":126,"keywords":127},"https:\u002F\u002Fschema.org","TechArticle",{"@type":112,"name":113,"url":114},"Organization","Precursor Intelligence","https:\u002F\u002Fprecursorintelligence.com",{"@type":112,"name":113,"url":114,"logo":116},{"@type":117,"url":118},"ImageObject","https:\u002F\u002Fprecursorintelligence.com\u002Fimg\u002Flogos\u002Feplogo.png",{"@type":120,"name":6,"description":121,"additionalType":122},"Thing","Cybersecurity Vulnerability","https:\u002F\u002Fschema.org\u002FSoftwareBug",{"@type":124,"@id":125},"WebPage","https:\u002F\u002Fprecursorintelligence.com\u002Fwhat-is\u002Fcve-2025-31161","Cybersecurity","CVE-2025-31161, CVE-2025-31161 vulnerability, CVE-2025-31161 security, critical severity vulnerability, cybersecurity, vulnerability analysis, security advisory, CVE database, threat intelligence, security research",[129],{"Operator":27,"Negate":27,"Nodes":130},[131],{"Operator":132,"Negate":133,"CPEMatch":134},"OR",false,[135,139],{"Vulnerable":4,"Criteria":43,"MatchCriteriaID":136,"VersionStartExcluding":27,"VersionStartIncluding":137,"VersionEndExcluding":138,"VersionEndIncluding":27},"ABD1B990-3D20-49A1-B62D-60BE724EE83F","10.0.0","10.8.4",{"Vulnerable":4,"Criteria":43,"MatchCriteriaID":140,"VersionStartExcluding":27,"VersionStartIncluding":141,"VersionEndExcluding":142,"VersionEndIncluding":27},"832C5DBF-FF1C-447E-812E-063CD844EE07","11.0.0","11.3.1",[],[145,152],{"id":146,"eventType":147,"eventTime":148,"details":149,"label":150,"color":151},"191dcaa4-5ac7-49dd-8e52-84b68975c843","LOW_EPSS_DELTA","2025-04-23T01:15:52.589136+00:00","Daily EPSS score decreased by 0.121 on 2025-04-05","EPSS Score Decreased","green",{"id":153,"eventType":154,"eventTime":155,"details":156,"label":157,"color":158},"b4a41923-cd67-4875-a7a5-5a0e52e8003a","HIGH_EPSS_DELTA","2025-06-11T10:09:41.783939+00:00","Daily EPSS score increased by 0.609 on 2025-04-05","EPSS Score Increased","red",{"lastModified":11,"cacheTime":160,"version":161},1792249092735,"2.0",{"score":163,"band":38,"action":164,"scoredAt":165},90,"Emergency patch","2026-10-16T07:06:40.820452+00:00"]