# What is CVE-2025-48734?

> CVE-2025-48734 is a high-severity flaw (CVSS 8.8) in Commons Beanutils from Apache, published on 28 May 2025. It is not on the list of flaws known to be exploited today. The latest forecast puts its chance of use in the next 30 days at 1.8%. If you run an affected version, plan in the vendor’s fix.

Canonical page: https://www.precursorintelligence.com/what-is/cve-2025-48734

## At a glance

- **Verdict:** Plan it in. No sign of exploitation and a low forecast. Patch it in your normal update cycle.
- **Precursor Intelligence risk score:** 49 out of 100 (Medium); action: Plan remediation. Kept up to date as the evidence changes.
- **Severity:** High (CVSS 8.8 out of 10)
- **Known to be exploited:** No, not on the list of flaws known to be exploited today
- **Chance of use in the next 30 days:** 1.8% (latest exploit-likelihood forecast)
- **Published:** 28 May 2025
- **Record last updated:** 3 November 2025
- **Main product:** Commons Beanutils from Apache
- **Affected products:** 1

## What is CVE-2025-48734? In plain terms

It can be attacked from anywhere on the internet with an ordinary user account, and nobody has to click anything. If it works, the attacker can read data, change data and take it offline.

### The official description

Improper Access Control vulnerability in Apache Commons.

A special BeanIntrospector class was added in version 1.9.2. This can be used to stop attackers from using the declared class property of Java enum objects to get access to the classloader. However this protection was not enabled by default. PropertyUtilsBean (and consequently BeanUtilsBean) now disallows declared class level property access by default.

Releases 1.11.0 and 2.0.0-M2 address a potential security issue when accessing enum properties in an uncontrolled way. If an application using Commons BeanUtils passes property paths from an external source directly to the getProperty() method of PropertyUtilsBean, an attacker can access the enum’s class loader via the “declaredClass” property available on all Java “enum” objects. Accessing the enum’s “declaredClass” allows remote attackers to access the ClassLoader and execute arbitrary code. The same issue exists with PropertyUtilsBean.getNestedProperty().
Starting in versions 1.11.0 and 2.0.0-M2 a special BeanIntrospector suppresses the “declaredClass” property. Note that this new BeanIntrospector is enabled by default, but you can disable it to regain the old behavior; see section 2.5 of the user's guide and the unit tests.

This issue affects Apache Commons BeanUtils 1.x before 1.11.0, and 2.x before 2.0.0-M2.Users of the artifact commons-beanutils:commons-beanutils

 1.x are recommended to upgrade to version 1.11.0, which fixes the issue.

Users of the artifact org.apache.commons:commons-beanutils2

 2.x are recommended to upgrade to version 2.0.0-M2, which fixes the issue.

### What kind of flaw is it?

- CWE-284: Improper Access Control

### How an attack on it works

- Where an attacker can be: Anywhere on the internet
- How hard it is to pull off: Easy: no special conditions
- Login needed first: An ordinary user account
- Does someone have to click: No, nobody has to do anything
- What an attacker gets: Can read data, change data and take it offline

Severity vector: `CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`

## Is CVE-2025-48734 being exploited? Not that we know of

It is not on the list of flaws known to be exploited today. The latest forecast puts the chance of it being used in the next 30 days at 1.8%. That can change at any time, which is why we keep watching.

Exploit likelihood over the last 7 days: 1.8%, 1.8%, 1.8%, 1.8%, 1.8%, 1.8%, 1.8%.

### Timeline

- 28 May 2025: Published
- 3 November 2025: Record last updated

### How Precursor Intelligence ranks it

CVE-2025-48734 scores **49 out of 100 (Medium)**, with the action "Plan remediation".

Every published flaw gets a risk score from 0 to 100, kept up to date as the evidence changes. Four things go into the score, from the one that counts most to the ones that count less:

- Evidence it is being exploited: biggest factor
- How severe it is: strong factor
- How widely exposed it is: smaller factor
- Threat activity around it: smaller factor

85 and above is Critical. Anything confirmed as exploited is always marked for an emergency patch, whatever its score. When this flaw matches software you track, it lands in your list with its score and the reasons behind it.

## Who is affected by CVE-2025-48734?

The published record lists 1 product. Versions are as published: "1.0 to before 1.11.0" means from 1.0 up to, but not including, 1.11.0.

- [Commons Beanutils](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/product/apache/commons_beanutils) by [Apache](https://www.precursorintelligence.com/vendors/apache) (Application): 1.0 to before 1.11.0, 2.0.0-milestone1

## How do I fix CVE-2025-48734?

1. **Check whether you run it.** Compare your versions with the affected products above. Not sure what you run? Precursor Intelligence can work it out from your public website, or you can pick it from a list.
2. **Apply the vendor’s fix.** Install the update named in the vendor’s advisory. We’ve put the advisory first in the list.
3. **If you can’t patch today.** Follow any mitigation the vendor publishes, and limit who can reach the affected system from the internet until the update is in.
4. **Keep an eye on it.** Track the product and we tell you as soon as we spot this flaw on the list of exploited flaws, or a jump in its exploit likelihood.

### References

- [lists.apache.org](https://lists.apache.org/thread/s0hb3jkfj5f3ryx6c57zqtfohb0of1g9) (Mailing list, Vendor advisory)
- [openwall.com](http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/05/28/6) (Mailing list, Third-party advisory)
- [lists.debian.org](https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/06/msg00027.html)

## Questions

### What is CVE-2025-48734?

CVE-2025-48734 is a high-severity flaw in Commons Beanutils from Apache, published on 28 May 2025. It can be attacked from anywhere on the internet with an ordinary user account, and nobody has to click anything. If it works, the attacker can read data, change data and take it offline.

### How serious is CVE-2025-48734?

It scores 8.8 out of 10 on the CVSS severity scale, which is high. Our risk score for CVE-2025-48734 is 49 out of 100, which is Medium. Its action is "Plan remediation". No sign of exploitation and a low forecast. Patch it in your normal update cycle.

### Is CVE-2025-48734 being exploited?

It is not on the list of flaws known to be exploited today. The latest forecast puts the chance of it being used in the next 30 days at 1.8%. That can change at any time, which is why we keep watching.

### Which versions does CVE-2025-48734 affect?

For Commons Beanutils from Apache: 1.0 to before 1.11.0, 2.0.0-milestone1.

### How do I fix CVE-2025-48734?

Install the update the vendor names in its advisory, linked first under "How do I fix" on this page. If you can't patch today, follow the vendor's mitigation and limit who can reach the affected system from the internet.

## Does CVE-2025-48734 affect you?

Precursor Intelligence keeps checking for you:

- **Tell us what you run.** Pick your software from a list, or let us work it out from your website.
- **We match it to every flaw.** Over 400,000 published flaws, checked against your list.
- **Ranked by real-world risk.** Every flaw gets a 0 to 100 risk score, kept up to date, led by evidence criminals are using it.
- **Told as soon as we know.** An alert by email, in the app or by webhook to your own tools.

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