APT28 threat group

APT28 is an espionage group thought to operate from Russia, with suspected state backing. Public reporting links it to 69 attack techniques, and to attacks on government and military organisations, with 25 countries and victims named. This free profile shows how it works and who it targets, so you can judge the risk to you.

Attack techniques
69
Countries and victims named
25
Thought to operate from
Russia
Suspected backing
Russia
Motive
Espionage
Other names
27
Built from public reporting, with every source listed below.
Overview

Who is APT28?

APT28 has 27 other names in security research. Below is what published reporting says about it, with a link to every report so you can check the detail yourself.

Also known as

Pawn StormFANCY BEARSednitSNAKEMACKERELTsar TeamTG-4127STRONTIUMSwallowtailIRON TWILIGHTGroup 74SIG40Grizzly Steppe

Security companies each give the same group their own name, so one group can have many.

What public reporting says

The Sofacy Group (also known as APT28, Pawn Storm, Fancy Bear and Sednit) is a cyber espionage group believed to have ties to the Russian government. Likely operating since 2007, the group is known to target government, military, and security organizations. It has been characterized as an advanced persistent threat.

Public reports about APT28 (55)

How it works

How does APT28 attack? Stage by stage.

Each technique is a known way attackers research, get in, stay hidden or do damage. Here are the 69 linked to APT28, laid out from first look to final blow. Some techniques belong to more than one stage. Pick a stage to see them. Public reporting also lists 54 more specific variations of them, called sub-techniques.

Stage 7 of 15

Hiding

Disguising what they are doing so it blends in with normal activity.

12 techniques
  • T1014Rootkit
  • T1027Obfuscated Files or Information
  • T1036Masquerading
  • T1070Indicator Removal
  • T1078Valid Accounts
  • T1134Access Token Manipulation
  • T1140Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information
  • T1211Exploitation for Stealth
  • T1218System Binary Proxy Execution
  • T1221Template Injection
  • T1542Pre-OS Boot
  • T1564Hide Artifacts
Targets

Who does APT28 go after?

The sectors and places named in public reporting about this group. If yours is on the list, it is worth knowing how they work and which flaws they use.

Sectors (2)

GovernmentMilitary
See threats by industry →

Countries and victims named (25)

  1. 01Georgia
  2. 02France
  3. 03Jordan
  4. 04United States
  5. 05Hungary
  6. 06World Anti-Doping Agency
  7. 07Armenia
  8. 08Tajikistan
  9. 09Japan
  10. 10NATO
  11. 11Ukraine
  12. 12Belgium
  13. 13Pakistan
  14. 14Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
  15. 15International Association of Athletics Federations
  16. 16Turkey
  17. 17Mongolia
  18. 18OSCE
  19. 19United Kingdom
  20. 20Germany
  21. 21Poland
  22. 22European Commission
  23. 23Afghanistan
  24. 24Kazakhstan
  25. 25China
Free account

Is APT28 a risk to you?

A public profile tells you who a group is. Your account tells you whether it matters to you: we match the software you run to the flaws threat groups use, and we keep watching, so you hear about anything that affects you as soon as we know.

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FAQ

Questions about APT28

Something else? Talk to the team →

APT28 is an espionage group thought to operate from Russia, with suspected state backing. Public reporting links it to 69 attack techniques, and to attacks on government and military organisations, with 25 countries and victims named.

Public reporting places APT28 as operating from Russia, with suspected state backing. Attribution is never certain: it rests on the tools, infrastructure and targets researchers have seen.

In public reporting, sectors named include government and military, and 25 countries and victims are named, including Georgia, France, Jordan and United States.

Public reporting links APT28 to 69 attack techniques. Most of them are about hiding, gathering data and staying in.

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